Guide

Read through to learn more about the ABCD signs and symptoms of dementia, and our KIND and CARE communication tips!

Knowing Dementia
Dementia is an illness that affects the brain, resulting in memory loss, difficulties with language, recognition, planning and performing complex tasks. It can affect adults of any age but is more common in those who are above 65 years old. In Singapore, 1 in every 10 persons aged 60 years and above has dementia. It is projected that we will have 103000 persons with dementia by the year 2030. Continue reading to find out more on the signs and symptoms of dementia and what you can do when you come across a person with dementia.
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ABCD Signs & Symptoms On Dementia
Here are the ABCD signs and symptoms of dementia
	Activities of daily living A person with dementia may be unable to do daily activities or simple tasks such as wearing clothes and may appear unkempt.
	Behavioural changes A person with dementia may become socially withdrawn and lose interest in activities. There may be changes to his mood and personality.
	Cognitive decline A person with dementia may be unable to make decisions and perform calculations. He may also be forgetful and have problems recalling the right word or name.
	Disorientation A person with dementia may find difficulty in distinguishing time, place and space.
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The KIND Gesture
Everyone can play a part in building a supportive community for persons with dementia and their families to live well in. All it takes is a little bit more of your patience and understanding. When you come across a person with dementia who requires assistance, remember the KIND gesture.
	Keep a lookout Look out for people who show the ABCD signs and symptoms of dementia
	Interact with patience Be friendly and acknowledge their concerns. Try to provide reassurance that you are there to help.
	Notice their needs and offer help Ask for their identification, such as identification stickers, EZ-Link card, NRIC, and Next-of-Kin’s contact details. Use visual clues to get your message across.
	Dial for help Call the Next-of-Kin, where possible. You can also bring the person to the nearest Go-To Point (GTP) and their staff will assist the person with dementia. In the event of an emergency, please call the police at 999.
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Communicating with CARE
Here are some tips when communicating with persons with dementia
	Use Clear and simple language when talking. Use short and simple sentences and speak at a slower pace.
	Acknowledge his/her concerns. Smile and maintain eye contact. Be prepared to spend more time with them.
	Be Respectful and reassuring. Use a friendly and encouraging tone and give them time to think and respond.
	Engage to provide comfort and build trust. Introduce yourself and provide assurance that you are there to help.
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Dementia Friendly Singapore
The Dementia-Friendly Singapore (DFSG) initiative aims to build a caring and inclusive society to support persons with dementia and allow them to age in place. With a supportive community, persons with dementia and their caregivers will be confident that they are able to continue leading independent lives at home and in the community. Like our Facebook Page – Dementia Friendly Singapore to get updates on DFSG! To learn more, you may also join our events or sign up for one of our training talks.
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